If you can prove fraudulent activity than he will have to pay the court costs and lawyers fees. That's what I would be checking into.
I am in the same situation as you. We hired a contractor and didn't sign a contract. We already paid him and his work is not to code nor doe it look even a little bit attractive. Cost us $7,000.
Anyway, here is a link you might be interested in.
http://consumer.courttv.findlaw.com/litigation_appeals/ Look around the site a bit. There is a page that tells about how to collect once you've won and which states require licenses. It helped me to decide whether or not I was going to take this guy to court. By the way I am definately taking him to court and I am going to try to prove fraudulence.
In my opinion the fact that there is no rebar in your concrete is fraud. He obviously either doesn't know what he is doing and he misrepresented himself by taking the job in the first place or he knew better and committed fraud by decieving you into thinking he was doing it right and according to code.
Guys like these need to be stopped. We work too hard for our money only for some jerk to rob us of it like this.
Good luck and I hope you get what you have coming to you. Please visit that site. It might make a difference, you never know.
[This message has been edited by Fredrika (edited 05-12-2005).]